Asterospondylous is a term used primarily in paleontology and vertebrate zoology to describe a specific anatomical feature of certain prehistoric vertebrates, particularly dinosaurs. The term consists of two components, "astero" and "spondylous," with "astero" derived from the Greek word for "star" and "spondylous" referring to "vertebrae." Therefore, "asterospondylous" literally translates to "star-shaped vertebrae."
This term refers to a distinctive condition where the vertebral centrum, or body, of an individual vertebra is unusually expanded, resulting in a star-shaped appearance. The extension or processes of the vertebra form a pattern that resembles a star, with multiple points radiating from a central core. This unique morphology is produced when the centrum develops deep invaginations or bony protrusions.
Many dinosaurs exhibit this feature, with the most famous example being the Stegosaurus. The plates along its back are actually enlarged osteoderms, or bony scales, which rest on each asterospondylous vertebra. These unusual vertebrae allowed for the attachment and support of the distinctive plates, resulting in the iconic appearance of this dinosaur species.
Asterospondylous vertebrae are of particular interest to researchers studying dinosaur paleobiology, as they provide important clues about the anatomy, biomechanics, and evolution of these ancient creatures. Understanding the unique shape and function of these vertebrae offers insights into the behavior, movement, and postural capabilities of dinosaurs with this distinct anatomical trait.
