Asphyxia by strangulation refers to a medical condition that results from the obstruction of airflow and blood circulation due to external pressure applied to the neck, causing the constriction of the airways and blood vessels. This act typically occurs when an individual's neck is compressed, either manually or by using a ligature or garrote, leading to a lack of oxygen supply to the brain and other vital organs.
The signs and symptoms of asphyxia by strangulation include difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, bluish discoloration of the face, neck, and extremities (cyanosis), throat pain, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing. In severe cases, it can lead to brain damage, organ failure, or death if not promptly addressed.
Forensically, asphyxia by strangulation is often seen in cases of homicide, but it can also occur accidentally (e.g., during self-experiments or risky sexual practices) or as a means of committing suicide. The diagnosis is established through physical examination and an autopsy, wherein characteristic marks like bruising or abrasions on the neck along with signs of internal injury may be present.
Due to its potentially fatal consequences and the presence of external evidence, asphyxia by strangulation is a serious matter that necessitates immediate medical attention and investigation.
