The "arteria spinalis anterior," also known as the anterior spinal artery, refers to a major blood vessel responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the anterior part of the spinal cord. As part of the vertebral artery system, it arises from the merger of the two vertebral arteries at the base of the brain.
Running downwards along the front surface of the spinal cord, the anterior spinal artery plays a pivotal role in nourishing and maintaining the extensive and vital nerve tissue within the spinal cord. It provides essential nutrients and oxygen to the motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve fibers, enabling the smooth transmission of signals between the body and the brain.
The anterior spinal artery primarily arises from the vertebral artery, on either side of the midline. Throughout its course, it sends off several smaller branches that penetrate the spinal cord, thereby supplying blood to different levels and regions. These branches divide and further subdivide, forming a complex network of arterioles and capillaries that effectively deliver blood to nearly all cellular structures within the spinal cord.
Any impairment or interruption in the blood supply through the arteria spinalis anterior can result in potentially severe consequences, as the spinal cord relies heavily on the constant delivery of oxygen and nutrients. Blockages or occlusions of this artery, whether due to atherosclerosis or embolism, can cause severe tissue damage, leading to spinal cord infarction and subsequent neurological deficits. Therefore, identifying and promptly treating any issues related to the arteria spinalis anterior is crucial to preserving the overall function and health of the spinal cord.
