The term "arteria dentalis inferior" refers to the inferior dental artery, which is a major blood vessel found in the human body. It is a branch of the maxillary artery, which, along with the superficial temporal artery, forms one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. The inferior dental artery is responsible for supplying blood to the lower teeth and gums.
Originating from the maxillary artery within the infratemporal fossa, the inferior dental artery descends towards the mandible (lower jawbone) through the lateral pterygoid muscle. It then enters the mandibular foramen, which is located on the inner side of the ramus of the mandible. From here, it travels within the mandibular canal, a passageway present in the lower jawbone that carries the inferior alveolar nerve as well.
Within the mandibular canal, the arteria dentalis inferior gives off numerous small branches, which supply blood to the roots and apical parts of the lower teeth, as well as the surrounding gum tissue. These branches also contribute to the formation of an anastomotic network, connecting with other arteries in the area to provide collateral circulation.
The inferior dental artery plays a crucial role in maintaining the vitality and health of the lower teeth and gums, supplying them with oxygen and nutrients. Additionally, it has clinical significance in dentistry, where knowledge of its anatomy and variations is important for dental procedures such as local anesthesia, dental implants, and oral surgeries.
