ARMD stands for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. It is a degenerative eye disease that primarily affects the central portion of the retina, known as the macula. The macula is responsible for clear and sharp central vision, which is necessary for activities such as reading, recognizing faces, and driving.
ARMD is typically associated with aging and is the leading cause of severe vision loss and blindness in individuals over 50 years old. There are two main types of ARMD: dry and wet.
Dry ARMD, also known as atrophic or non-neovascular ARMD, is the most common form, accounting for about 85-90% of cases. It is characterized by the gradual breakdown of light-sensitive cells in the macula, leading to a slow and progressive decline in central vision over time.
Wet ARMD, also called exudative or neovascular ARMD, is a less common but more aggressive type. It is characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels behind the retina. These fragile blood vessels can leak blood and fluid, causing scarring and rapid vision loss if left untreated.
While there is currently no cure for ARMD, various treatment options are available to slow down its progression and manage its symptoms. These may include medications, laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, and, in some cases, surgical interventions. Regular eye exams and early detection are crucial for effective management of ARMD.
