Arctostaphylos rubra, commonly known as the red bearberry or red manzanita, is a species of flowering evergreen shrub belonging to the Ericaceae family. This plant is native to North America, specifically found in the western parts of the United States and Canada.
Red bearberry typically grows in sandy or rocky soils and is often found in dry, open pine forests, chaparral, or montane habitats. It has a dense, low-growing habit, reaching a height of about 1 to 3 feet (30 to 90 cm) and spreading horizontally, forming a thick mat-like mound.
The leaves of Arctostaphylos rubra are small, smooth, and leathery, with a glossy dark green color. They have a distinct red stem and are arranged alternately along the branches. During spring, small clusters of urn-shaped pink or white flowers bloom, attracting bees and other pollinators.
The plant produces bright red berries, which are typically consumed by various wildlife species, including birds, bears, and small mammals. The berries are often tart and acidic but can be consumed by humans, either fresh or dried, and are used to make jellies or preserves.
Arctostaphylos rubra has been valued for its ornamental qualities, particularly its attractive foliage and colorful berries. It is also known for its ability to help stabilize slopes and prevent erosion due to its dense root system.
Overall, Arctostaphylos rubra is an ecologically important and visually appealing shrub that provides habitat, food, and aesthetic value in its native regions.
