Araeocardia, also known as arachnoid heart, is a rare congenital (present from birth) heart anomaly characterized by the presence of membranous webs or bands in the left ventricle of the heart. These webs or bands, which resemble spiderwebs, restrict blood flow within the chamber, resulting in partial obstruction. Araeocardia affects the normal functioning of the heart by impeding the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta, which is responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the body.
The exact cause of araeocardia remains unknown; however, it is believed to be the result of abnormal formation of heart tissue during fetal development. This condition is typically diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, although it may remain asymptomatic for some individuals throughout their lives.
Symptoms of araeocardia can vary depending on the severity of the obstruction and may include shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and fainting. Diagnosis usually involves a comprehensive evaluation, including physical examination, medical history review, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and cardiac catheterization.
Treatment options for araeocardia may include medication to manage symptoms, surgical intervention to remove or repair the obstructing webs or bands, or both. The choice of treatment depends on the individual patient's specific condition, age, symptom severity, and overall health. Prognosis can vary but, with timely and appropriate treatment, many individuals with araeocardia can lead relatively normal lives and have favorable outcomes. Regular monitoring by a cardiologist is essential to ensure proper management of this condition.
