The word apostilb is not common in everyday language. It refers to a unit of luminance, which is a measure of light emitted or reflected from a surface. The word is spelled with the letters A-P-O-S-T-I-L-B, and is pronounced / əˈpɒstɪlb / in IPA phonetic transcription. The stress falls on the second syllable, and the vowel sound in the first syllable is a schwa. The last two letters, "ilb," are pronounced like the word "ill" with a "b" sound at the end.
Apostilb is a unit of luminance, denoted by the symbol asb, that is used to measure the intensity of light emitted or reflected from a surface. Specifically, an apostilb is equal to one-tenth of a candela per square meter (0.1 cd/m²). It is a rare and non-SI (International System of Units) unit, primarily used in the field of photometry.
The apostilb is particularly useful in quantifying the perception of light through human vision. It represents the unit of luminance at which the surface brightness appears constant and matches the standard observer's perception of brightness at a given point. The term "apostilb" was coined by the American physicist Albert Abraham Michelson in 1922.
This unit helps in the comparison of different light sources, the evaluation of the visual experience of illumination, and the assessment of light-sensitive materials such as photographic films. By defining standardized measurements, apostilbs provide a means of objectively comparing the relative brightness perceived by the human eye under various lighting conditions.
Today, the apostilb is somewhat outdated and has been largely replaced by other SI units such as the candela per square meter (cd/m²) and the nit (cd/m²) in scientific and industrial applications. Nonetheless, it remains an essential historical concept in the study of light and human perception, offering insight into the measurement and interpretation of luminance.
The term "apostilb" has an interesting etymology. It is derived from a combination of Greek and Latin roots.
The word derives from the Greek "apostilbēs" (ἀποστίλβης), which means "reflected light" or "gleaming off". The Greek term comes from the verb "apostilbein" (ἀποστιλβεῖν), meaning "to sparkle" or "to shine back".
The Greek term was then transliterated into Latin as "apostilbum". In Latin, the suffix "-um" is often added to Greek words to make them declinable in Latin grammar.
From the Latin "apostilbum", the word eventually made its way into English as "apostilb", which is a unit of luminous intensity used in photometry.