Apastron, pronounced /æpəstrɒn/, is a term used in astronomy to describe the point in an orbit where a star or planet is farthest from the object around which it revolves. The word consists of two parts: "a" meaning "not" and "pastron" meaning "perihelion". Perihelion is the point closest to the sun in an orbit, so apastron is the opposite. The spelling follows standard English phonetic rules for combining the prefix "a" with the Greek-derived root "pastron".
Apastron refers to one of the two extreme points in the orbit of a celestial body, usually a star or planet, where it is the farthest away from the object it is orbiting. Derived from the Greek words "apo" meaning away or far, and "astron" meaning star, apastron represents the point in the orbit that has the furthest distance between the celestial body and its gravitational center.
In astronomy, the concept of apastron is crucial in understanding the orbital dynamics and characteristics of celestial objects. For instance, in the case of a planet orbiting a star, the apastron signifies the point of maximum separation between the two bodies. At apastron, the gravitational pull exerted by the central body is at its weakest, causing the orbiting body to experience a slower orbital speed compared to its movement at other points in its journey.
The determination of an object's apastron is invaluable in calculating various properties of its orbit, such as its period, eccentricity, and semimajor axis. Understanding the apastron and its corresponding parameters provides essential insights into the behavior and structure of celestial systems, aiding astronomers in studying phenomena like tidal forces, orbital perturbations, and the interaction between multiple objects within a system.
In summary, apastron represents the utmost distance in an object's orbit from the body it is revolving around, serving as an essential measure in studying the characteristics and dynamics of celestial orbiting systems.
The word "apastron" is derived from the Greek words "a-" meaning "not" or "without", and "pastron" meaning "tether" or "binding". In astronomy, "apastron" refers to the point in the orbit of a binary star system or a planet where they are furthest apart from each other. It is often used to describe the point of maximum separation between two celestial bodies.