How Do You Spell ANTITERMINATION FACTOR?

Pronunciation: [ˌantɪtˌɜːmɪnˈe͡ɪʃən fˈaktə] (IPA)

Antitermination factor is a transcriptional protein that prevents the termination of RNA synthesis. The spelling of this word can be broken down using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) phonetic transcription. The first syllable is pronounced "æn", like the word "can". The second syllable is pronounced "ti", like the letter "t" followed by the vowel sound "i". The third syllable is pronounced "tər", like the word "tour" without the "u". The fourth syllable is pronounced "mɪ", like the word "me". The final syllable is pronounced "neɪʃən", like the word "nation" without the "a".

ANTITERMINATION FACTOR Meaning and Definition

1. An antitermination factor, also known as an anti-termination protein, is a regulatory protein involved in controlling gene expression in prokaryotes and sometimes in viruses. It plays a crucial role in halting or preventing the premature termination of RNA transcription by RNA polymerase.

   Typically, during transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes an RNA molecule until it reaches a termination signal on the DNA strand. This signal prompts the detachment of RNA polymerase from the DNA template, resulting in the termination of transcription. However, in certain instances, the antitermination factor can override this termination signal to allow for continued transcription.

   Antitermination factors achieve this by interacting with RNA polymerase and the mRNA molecule. They can bind to specific sites on the nascent mRNA strand, preventing the formation of the termination hairpin structure that usually halts transcription. By doing so, the antitermination factor allows RNA polymerase to proceed beyond the termination signal and continue synthesizing RNA.

   Antitermination factors are crucial in regulating gene expression in various biological processes. For instance, they are involved in the expression of genes related to stress response, virulence factors, and other adaptive responses in bacteria. Additionally, some bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) encode their own antitermination factors to ensure efficient transcript synthesis and production of viral proteins.

   Overall, antitermination factors are key players in prokaryotic gene regulation, enabling the proper expression of genes under precise conditions and contributing to the adaptability and survival of organisms.

Common Misspellings for ANTITERMINATION FACTOR

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Etymology of ANTITERMINATION FACTOR

The term "antitermination factor" is a compound word made up of two parts: "anti-" and "termination factor".

The prefix "anti-" is derived from the Greek word "anti", meaning "against" or "opposite". In English, "anti-" is commonly used to indicate opposition or negation.

The word "termination" comes from the Latin word "terminatio", which means "end" or "boundary". In this context, it refers to the process of stopping or ending something.

Lastly, "factor" comes from the Latin word "factor", which means "doer" or "maker". In this case, it refers to a specific protein or molecule that plays a role in a biological process.

Plural form of ANTITERMINATION FACTOR is ANTITERMINATION FACTORS