Antineoplastic hormonal agents, also known as antineoplastic hormone therapy or endocrine therapy, are a class of medications that are used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. These agents work by targeting and interfering with the hormones or hormone receptors involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells.
Cancer cells can rely on hormones to proliferate and survive, especially in hormone-sensitive tumors such as breast, prostate, or ovarian cancer. Antineoplastic hormonal agents counteract this process by either blocking the production of hormones or by stopping the action of hormones on cancer cells. This inhibition can slow down or halt the growth of tumors, or even cause them to shrink.
There are several types of antineoplastic hormonal agents, each with their own mechanisms of action. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen and raloxifene, for example, are often used to block the effects of estrogen in breast cancer. Similarly, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used to reduce the levels of androgens, such as testosterone, in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Antineoplastic hormonal agents are administered orally, topically, or through injections, depending on the specific drug and the type of cancer being treated. They can be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy, depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.
The use of antineoplastic hormonal agents is determined by healthcare professionals based on an individual's specific cancer type, stage, hormone receptor status, and overall health. As with any medication, these agents may have side effects, which can vary depending on the specific drug being used. Common side effects may include hot flashes, mood changes, fatigue, and bone thinning. Regular monitoring and
