ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE Meaning and
Definition
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Antimony pentachloride is a chemical compound with the molecular formula SbCl5. It is classified as a chloride salt of antimony and is composed of one antimony atom bonded with five chlorine atoms. It belongs to the family of metal halides and is commonly used in various industrial applications.
Antimony pentachloride is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a distinctive pungent odor. It has a high boiling point and is highly soluble in various organic solvents, but less soluble in water.
This compound is primarily used as a Lewis acid catalyst in chemical reactions, as it can effectively facilitate numerous reactions, including chlorination, isomerization, esterification, and polymerization. It is particularly useful in the production of certain plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
Antimony pentachloride is a strong oxidizing agent and has corrosive properties, making it necessary to handle with caution. It reacts violently with water, releasing hydrochloric acid gas, and should be stored in a dry and ventilated area.
From a health standpoint, antimony pentachloride is considered toxic and can cause severe irritation or burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Inhalation or ingestion can lead to serious health effects, including lung damage and gastrointestinal issues. Therefore, proper protective equipment and safety protocols must be followed when working with this compound.
Etymology of ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE
The word "antimony" derives from the Latin word "antimonium", which was used to refer to stibnite, a mineral composed mainly of antimony sulfide. The term "pentachloride" is a combination of the prefix "penta", meaning five, and "chloride", which refers to a compound containing chlorine. In the case of "antimony pentachloride", it indicates a compound composed of antimony and five chlorine atoms.
