Antidepressive drugs second generation, also commonly referred to as atypical antidepressants or newer antidepressants, are a class of medications used to treat major depressive disorder and other mood disorders. These drugs are considered the second generation of antidepressants as they were developed after the first generation that included tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
The main characteristic that distinguishes second-generation antidepressants from their predecessors is their diverse mechanism of action. While the first-generation drugs primarily target neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, second-generation antidepressants interact with various receptors and enzymes in the brain, leading to alterations in the balance of these chemicals.
Some examples of second-generation antidepressants include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, and escitalopram, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine and duloxetine, and atypical antidepressants such as bupropion and mirtazapine.
These medications aim to alleviate depressive symptoms by enhancing the availability of important neurotransmitters in the brain. By doing so, they help regulate mood, appetite, sleep, and other physiological and psychological processes that are disrupted in depression.
Second-generation antidepressants are generally considered safer and better tolerated than their predecessors, with fewer side effects. However, it is important to note that individual responses to these medications can vary, and it may take several weeks before their full therapeutic effects are realized.
It is crucial for individuals considering or prescribed second-generation antidepressants to consult with a healthcare professional, as the selection of the most suitable medication and appropriate dosing should be tailored to their specific needs and medical history.
