Annealed is spelled /əˈniːld/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The word is formed from the verb "anneal", meaning to heat something and then cool it slowly in order to strengthen it. The addition of the "-ed" suffix indicates that the action of annealing has already occurred in the past. The pronunciation of the word involves a schwa sound followed by the long "ee" vowel sound and a final "ld" consonant sound. This spelling accurately represents the pronunciation of the word in English.
Annealed is an adjective that refers to a process of heating and slowly cooling a material, typically metal or glass, in order to reduce its hardness and increase its ductility. This process is typically carried out to relieve stress within the material and to improve its overall toughness and workability.
During the annealing process, the material is heated to a specific temperature, known as the annealing temperature, which varies depending on the type of material. The heated material is then slowly cooled down, either in a controlled furnace or by burying it in a heat-retaining material such as sand or ashes.
The purpose of annealing is to eliminate internal stresses that can occur during manufacturing processes, such as casting or machining. These stresses can lead to brittleness, distortion, or even cracking in the material. Annealing also helps to refine the microstructure of the material, making it more homogeneous and reducing the likelihood of defects.
In addition to stress relief, annealing can also enhance other desirable properties of the material, such as improved electrical conductivity, increased corrosion resistance, and the ability to withstand higher temperatures.
Overall, the annealing process is crucial in the manufacturing industry, as it allows for the production of materials with improved mechanical and physical properties, making them more suitable for various applications.
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The word "annealed" has its etymology rooted in Old English and Middle English. It derives from the Old English word "onǣlan" which means "to set fire to" or "to kindle". This word was formed by combining the prefix "on-" (meaning "to" or "into") and the verb "ǣlan" (meaning "to burn" or "to heat").
Over the centuries, as the English language evolved, this Old English word transformed into "anelen" in Middle English, still retaining its original meaning. Eventually, the Middle English form "anelen" changed to the modern English word "anneal" in the 16th century, with the added "d" indicating the past tense or past participle form.