ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION Meaning and
Definition
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Animal experimentation, also known as animal testing or animal research, refers to the use of living creatures in scientific experiments and investigations. It involves the intentional manipulation, observation, and study of animals to gather data and extract relevant scientific knowledge. This practice is primarily carried out in the field of biomedical research, as well as in areas such as product testing, toxicology, and behavioral studies, among others.
Animal experimentation serves as a crucial tool in understanding biological processes, studying diseases and their treatments, and developing medical advancements. It involves subjecting animals to a variety of procedures, including administering substances or drugs, measuring physiological responses, conducting surgeries, inducing diseases, and conducting behavioral experiments. The animals used in experimentation can range from mammals such as mice, rats, rabbits, and primates to lower organisms like fish or reptiles.
The goals of animal experimentation are to enhance scientific knowledge, develop treatments, medications, and vaccines, and ensure the safety and efficacy of various products. However, the ethical implications surrounding animal experimentation have sparked debates and controversies, as some argue that it causes unnecessary harm and suffering to sentient beings, while others believe it is a necessary sacrifice for human progress.
In response to concerns regarding animal welfare, regulations and guidelines are in place in many countries to ensure that experiments are justified, performed ethically, and minimize animal suffering as much as possible. Nonetheless, the ongoing research aims to reduce and ultimately replace animal experimentation with alternative methods, such as cell cultures, computer simulations, and human-based research techniques, to advance scientific knowledge without animal involvement.
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Etymology of ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION
The word "animal" comes from the Latin word "anima", meaning "living being" or "soul". It originated in the late Middle English period, borrowed from the Middle French word "animal" or its Latin root.
The word "experimentation" comes from the Latin word "experimentum", which means "trial" or "test". It was derived from the verb "experiri", meaning "to try" or "to prove". "Experimentation" entered the English language around the late 16th century.
The term "animal experimentation" combines these two words to refer to the practice of conducting trials or tests on living organisms for scientific or research purposes.
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