Aneugens are substances or factors that induce abnormalities or alterations in the number or structure of chromosomes during cell division. Specifically, they can cause the loss or gain of whole chromosomes or specific segments of chromosomes. Aneugens act by interfering with the proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes, disrupting the normal process of mitosis or meiosis.
In mitosis, aneugens can lead to the production of nonviable cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes, a condition known as aneuploidy. This can result in a wide range of genetic disorders and health problems, as the abnormal number of chromosomes disrupts gene expression and cellular function.
In meiosis, aneugens can affect the formation of gametes (sperm or eggs), leading to the production of embryos with an abnormal number of chromosomes. This can result in various developmental abnormalities, birth defects, or spontaneous miscarriages.
Aneugens can be naturally occurring substances or synthetic chemicals found in environmental pollutants, certain medications, or industrial compounds. Examples of aneugens include certain drugs used in cancer chemotherapy, as well as environmental toxins like pesticides, heavy metals, and radiation.
Understanding the impact and mechanisms of aneugens is crucial in fields such as toxicology, reproductive health, and cancer research, as it helps to identify potential risks and develop strategies for prevention and intervention.
