The spelling of the word "Amyraldian" can be confusing because it derives from the name of a 17th-century French theologian, Moise Amyraut, who defended a form of Calvinism known as Amyraldism. The correct pronunciation of Amyraldian is /əˈmɪrəldiən/ (uh-MIR-uhl-dee-uhn) with the emphasis on the second syllable. The first syllable is pronounced like the schwa sound in "about." The "-ian" ending indicates a member or follower of the Amyraldian doctrine. Despite its unusual spelling and pronunciation, the term Amyraldian is commonly used and recognized in theological circles.
Amyraldian refers to a theological perspective or system of thought associated with the teachings of Moïse Amyraut (1596-1664), a French Protestant theologian. Amyraldianism, also known as Amyraldism or hypothetical universalism, emerged in the seventeenth century as a modified form of Calvinism.
At its core, Amyraldianism posits that God desires the salvation of all humanity and genuinely offers redemption to all, but ultimately saves an elect group through predestination. It proposes that Christ's atoning sacrifice was sufficient to save all, but efficient only for the elect. According to Amyraldians, though salvation is available to all, it is only applied to those who exercise faith and accept Christ's offer. This differs from classical Calvinism, which asserts that Christ's atonement was limited to the elect and that God predestined certain individuals to receive eternal salvation while others are foreordained to eternal damnation.
Amyraldianism emphasizes the human will and choice in responding to God's grace, rejecting the notion of irresistible grace associated with strict Calvinism. This perspective seeks to reconcile the concepts of divine sovereignty and human responsibility, affirming both God's election and humanity's free will to accept or reject salvation. It also highlights the idea of "common grace" or general benevolence, whereby God bestows blessings upon all people, regardless of their election status.
Amyraldianism has been a subject of debate and controversy within Reformed theology throughout history, with both supporters and opponents presenting various theological arguments and interpretations of relevant biblical texts.
The word "Amyraldian" is derived from the name of its founder and main proponent, Moïse Amyraut (1596-1664), a French Reformed theologian. Amyraut lived and worked during the period of theological and doctrinal debate that followed the Protestant Reformation in Europe, specifically within the context of the Reformed Church. His teachings became known as Amyraldianism, a theological position that sought to find a middle ground between Calvinism and Arminianism. The term "Amyraldian" is used to refer to individuals who adhere to or advocate for Amyraut's theological views.