The Amsterdam fur seal, scientifically known as Arctocephalus tropicalis, is a species of fur seal endemic to the island of Amsterdam in the southern Indian Ocean. It is one of the rarest pinnipeds in the world, with a small and isolated population that is in danger of extinction.
The Amsterdam fur seal is a medium-sized seal, with males typically measuring around 2.1 meters in length and weighing around 160 kilograms, while females are slightly smaller at approximately 1.7 meters and 100 kilograms. They have a distinct appearance characterized by a large, broad head, a long and sleek body, and a thick layer of fur that ranges in color from dark gray to brown.
These fur seals are predominantly marine animals, spending most of their lives at sea. They have adapted well to their oceanic habitat and are excellent swimmers, using their streamlined bodies and flipper-like limbs to navigate through the water with agility. Their diet primarily consists of fish, squid, and crustaceans.
Sadly, the Amsterdam fur seal population has suffered severe declines due to historical exploitation for their fur during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to their near extinction. Although hunting has been strictly prohibited since the 20th century, the population remains critical, estimated to be around 100 individuals. Conservation efforts have been implemented to protect this endangered species and prevent their extinction, including the establishment of marine reserves and ongoing monitoring and research.
