AMPHITROPOUS OVULE Meaning and
Definition
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An amphitropous ovule is a specific type of ovule found in plants, particularly in the angiosperms or flowering plants. It is characterized by its distinctive shape and orientation within the ovary of a flower. The term "amphitropous" is derived from combining "amphi," which means both or around, and "tropous," which refers to the turning or bending of a part.
The amphitropous ovule is essentially an ovule that is curved or bent along its longitudinal axis to form a characteristic "U" shape. Unlike other types of ovules, which are straight or only slightly curved, the amphitropous ovule exhibits a pronounced curvature, which imparts its unique appearance. This curvature is due to the axis bending back sharply upon itself, so that the micropyle and chalaza lie side by side. This arrangement positions the embryo sac parallel to the funiculus.
The amphitropous ovule has several structural features. It possesses a single integument layer, with the nucellus inside. The micropyle, which represents the opening through which the pollen tube enters, is located close to the chalaza, where the funiculus is attached. The funiculus acts as a stalk that connects the ovule to the ovary wall, providing support and facilitating nutrient transport.
The amphitropous ovule plays a crucial role in plant reproduction. It serves as the starting point for the formation of the seed, which contains the embryo and its associated nutritive tissues. The successful fertilization and subsequent development of the amphitropous ovule lead to the formation of fruits and seeds, crucial for the dispersal and propagation of flowering plants.
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Etymology of AMPHITROPOUS OVULE
The term "Amphitropous Ovule" has its etymology rooted in Greek and Latin.
The word "amphitropous" is derived from two Greek words: "amphi", which means "around" or "both sides", and "tropos", meaning "turn". In botanical terminology, "amphitropous" is used to describe the position and orientation of an ovule within a plant's ovary. It indicates that the ovule is bent or curved back on itself, with the micropyle (opening through which the pollen enters) and the funiculus (stalk attaching the ovule to the ovary) positioned close to each other.
The term "ovule" comes from the Latin word "ovulum", meaning "small egg". It refers to a structure found in the ovary of a flowering plant, which eventually develops into a seed after fertilization.
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