Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) is a measure used in obstetrics to assess the quantity and overall well-being of the amniotic fluid surrounding a developing fetus. Amniotic fluid is a clear fluid that fills the amniotic sac, providing protection, cushioning, and support to the growing baby during pregnancy. The AFI is calculated by using ultrasound imaging to measure the pockets of amniotic fluid in four different quadrants of the uterus.
The AFI is measured in centimeters and is used to evaluate the volume of amniotic fluid present. It serves as an important indicator of fetal well-being, as both too little and too much amniotic fluid can be associated with various complications. A normal AFI ranges between 5 and 25 centimeters.
A low AFI, also known as oligohydramnios, may indicate a potential problem with the fetus, such as poor kidney function, placental insufficiency, or fetal growth restriction. Conversely, a high AFI, called polyhydramnios, may be a sign of gestational diabetes, certain birth defects, or twin pregnancies.
Monitoring the AFI throughout pregnancy allows healthcare providers to detect and manage any deviations from the normal range, helping to prevent potential complications. Additional diagnostic tests, such as biophysical profiles or further ultrasound evaluations, may also be conducted to assess the overall fetal health when significant deviations from the AFI norm are observed.
Overall, the Amniotic Fluid Index is a valuable tool in obstetrics for assessing the volume of amniotic fluid and providing insight into the well-being of the developing fetus.
