ALKALINE BATTERY Meaning and
Definition
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An alkaline battery can be defined as a type of primary battery that utilizes an alkaline electrolyte to generate electrical energy. It is commonly used in various portable electronic devices, such as remote controls, cameras, toys, flashlights, and many others.
The construction of an alkaline battery typically consists of a cylindrical housing made of zinc, serving as the anode, while the cathode is composed of a mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon. The alkaline electrolyte, which is a potassium hydroxide solution, acts as the medium for the chemical reactions occurring within the battery.
When a load is connected to the battery terminals, a series of chemical reactions take place. The zinc anode undergoes oxidation, releasing electrons and producing zinc ions. Simultaneously, the reduction reaction occurs at the cathode, where manganese dioxide and carbon react with the hydroxide ions from the electrolyte and the electrons from the anode to form water and manganese hydroxide. These chemical reactions produce a flow of electrons, which is the electrical energy that powers the connected device.
One of the significant advantages of alkaline batteries is their longer life compared to other types of primary batteries. This is due to the higher energy density provided by the alkaline electrolyte, allowing the battery to deliver a stable voltage over extended periods. Furthermore, alkaline batteries are known for their ability to withstand higher currents, making them suitable for applications that require bursts of high power.
In conclusion, an alkaline battery is a primary battery that generates electrical energy through chemical reactions involving an alkaline electrolyte, zinc anode, and manganese dioxide cathode. Its long-lasting power and high energy density make it a reliable and widely used source of portable electrical energy.
Etymology of ALKALINE BATTERY
The word "alkaline" in "alkaline battery" is derived from the term "alkali", which refers to a type of compound or substance that has basic or alkaline properties. The word "alkali" originates from Arabic al-qaly, meaning "ashes of the saltwort plant". In ancient times, alkalis were commonly extracted from the ashes of plants and used for various purposes. The term "battery" comes from the earlier use of multiple electrochemical cells connected in series, resembling a military battery of cannons or artillery. In the case of "alkaline battery", it refers to an electrochemical device that produces electrical energy by converting chemical energy, utilizing alkaline compounds as its electrolyte.
