ALBUMINOUS NEPHRITIS Meaning and
Definition
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Albuminous nephritis, also known as nephrotic syndrome, is a medical condition characterized by the increased presence of albumin in the urine, resulting from inflammation or damage to the kidneys. It is a form of kidney disease that affects the glomeruli, which are the tiny filtering units within the kidneys responsible for the elimination of waste products from the blood.
This condition typically manifests with symptoms such as swelling (edema) in the legs, ankles, and around the eyes, as well as fatigue, foamy urine due to the excessive presence of albumin, and weight gain due to fluid retention. Patients may also experience decreased urine output and may feel generally unwell.
The underlying causes of albuminous nephritis can vary, including primary conditions such as minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and membranous nephropathy, as well as secondary causes like diabetes, lupus, and certain medications. The condition is more common in children, but it can affect individuals of any age.
Diagnosis of albuminous nephritis involves a medical history review, physical examination, urine tests to assess protein levels, blood tests to check kidney function and identify underlying causes, and occasionally a kidney biopsy to assess the severity and type of glomerular damage.
Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to the kidneys. Dietary changes, including sodium and fluid restrictions, may also be recommended. In severe cases, patients may require dialysis or kidney transplant to replace the function of the damaged kidneys. Close monitoring and regular follow-up with a nephrologist are essential to manage this condition effectively and prevent complications.
Etymology of ALBUMINOUS NEPHRITIS
The term "albuminous nephritis" is a medical term used to refer to a condition known as nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by excessive loss of protein in the urine.
The etymology of the term can be broken down as follows:
1. Albuminous: The word "albuminous" derives from the Latin term "albumen", meaning "egg white". In medical terminology, "albuminous" refers to the presence of albumin, a type of protein commonly found in egg whites. In the context of nephritis, albuminous refers to the excessive presence of albumin in the urine.
2. Nephritis: The word "nephritis" stems from the Greek term "nephros", meaning "kidney", combined with the suffix "-itis" denoting inflammation. Hence, nephritis refers to the inflammation of the kidneys.
