Agyrias is a rare and severe congenital disorder characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain. It is a type of structural brain malformation that results in a smooth and featureless brain surface, with little to no grooves or folds typically observed in a healthy brain. Agyrias is often referred to as lissencephaly, meaning "smooth brain" in Greek.
Individuals affected by agyrias experience significant developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and a range of neurological impairments. These may include severe cognitive impairment, poor muscle coordination, difficulty swallowing and feeding, respiratory problems, seizures, and a lack of voluntary motor control. The severity of symptoms and degree of impairment can vary among individuals with agyrias.
The underlying causes of agyrias can be genetic in nature, resulting from mutations in certain genes associated with brain development. It can also result from external factors such as viral infections or exposure to toxins during fetal development.
Due to the complex nature of the condition and its profound impact on an individual's life, management of agyrias typically involves a multidisciplinary approach. This may include medical interventions to manage symptoms, such as anti-seizure medications, as well as physical and occupational therapy to optimize daily functioning and quality of life.
Overall, agyrias is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the cerebral hemispheres, leading to severe cognitive and physical impairments.
