Aegiceras majus, commonly known as the Black Mangrove, is a species of flowering shrub or tree belonging to the family Primulaceae. It is a typical mangrove plant found in the intertidal zones and estuaries of tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with its native range extending from East Africa to Australia and parts of Asia.
The Black Mangrove is specially adapted to survive in saline environments where other plants may struggle to grow. It possesses a unique set of adaptations that allow it to thrive in these harsh conditions. Its roots have specialized structures called pneumatophores, which rise above the water surface to facilitate oxygen absorption and maintain a stable anchorage. These roots also help the tree to withstand the fluctuating tides and the presence of saltwater.
Aegiceras majus has evergreen leaves that are oval-shaped, leathery, and glossy. The flowers are small and pale yellow, and they typically bloom during the rainy season, attracting bees and other pollinators. The fruit is a woody capsule containing numerous seeds that are dispersed by water.
The Black Mangrove plays a significant ecological role within mangrove ecosystems. It helps in stabilizing coastal areas, preventing soil erosion, and acting as a nursery for various marine species. It also provides shelter and food sources for a diverse range of wildlife, including birds, crabs, and fish. Furthermore, it contributes to water purification by filtering pollutants and excess nutrients.
Due to its adaptability, the Black Mangrove is sometimes cultivated for coastal rehabilitation and as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks. However, in some areas, it faces threats of habitat destruction and overexploitation due to human activities, such as urbanization, aquaculture, and logging. Efforts are
