Acystia is a medical term that refers to the absence or failure of bladder development in a fetus during pregnancy. It is a congenital condition where the bladder does not form correctly or at all, leading to a significant lack or absence of this organ. The term "acystia" is derived from the Greek prefix "a" meaning without or absence, and "cystis" meaning bladder.
In a normal developing fetus, the bladder begins to form around the fifth week of pregnancy, originating from a structure called the cloaca. However, in cases of acystia, the bladder fails to develop properly, leading to a range of complications. These include the absence of urination, as well as issues with kidney function and potentially life-threatening consequences.
The exact cause of acystia is unknown, but it is believed to be a result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is considered a rare condition, occurring in only a small number of pregnancies. In some cases, acystia may be associated with other developmental abnormalities, such as skeletal deformities or defects in other organs.
The diagnosis of acystia is typically made through prenatal ultrasound examinations, which can detect the absence of a visible bladder. Once diagnosed, medical intervention may be necessary to manage the complications associated with the condition. Treatment options may include specialized medical care during pregnancy, close monitoring of fetal kidney function, and potentially surgical interventions after birth to address related issues.
