The correct spelling of the word "Active Ion Transport" is [ˈæktɪv aɪən ˈtrænspɔːt]. In this term, the first syllable is pronounced with the short "a" sound, while the second syllable is pronounced with the long "i" sound, as in "eye". The third syllable has a neutral vowel sound, and the fourth syllable is pronounced with the long "o" sound. The final syllable has a neutral vowel sound and is pronounced with the "t" sound at the end. Together, these sounds make up the accurate spelling of this scientific term.
Active ion transport refers to the physiological process by which ions are transported across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy expenditure in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process involves the use of specialized transporter proteins embedded in the cell membrane called ion pumps or ion transporters.
In active ion transport, the movement of ions occurs from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, which is contrary to simple diffusion or passive transport, where ions move down their concentration gradient. This process is essential for maintaining the appropriate balance and distribution of ions across cell membranes and is involved in various vital functions of living organisms, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, maintenance of osmotic balance, and absorption of nutrients.
Active ion transport is a highly regulated process and can be divided into two main types: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport involves the direct use of ATP to pump specific ions across the membrane against their concentration gradient. Secondary active transport, on the other hand, uses the electrochemical gradient established by primary active transport to drive the movement of other molecules or ions across the membrane.
Overall, active ion transport plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and enables cells to function properly in response to external stimuli.