An act of Parliament refers to a legislative enactment or a law passed by a national legislative body, namely a parliament. It is a formal and authoritative process through which laws are made and implemented in parliamentary democracies.
When a bill is proposed in a parliamentary system, it undergoes a series of rigorous scrutinies, debates, and deliberations before it is passed as an act of Parliament. The bill is introduced by a member of parliament, undergoes several readings in both the upper and lower houses, and is subject to amendments and revisions. Once the bill is passed by both houses and receives royal assent, it becomes an act of Parliament, having the full force of law.
Acts of Parliament cover a broad range of topics and issues, ranging from social policies, taxation, healthcare, criminal laws, commerce, and environmental regulations, among others. They are binding on all individuals and institutions within the jurisdiction and are enforceable by the courts.
Acts of Parliament are typically organized into different sections and subsections, providing detailed provisions and regulations concerning the specific subject matter. Amendments and repeals of acts of Parliament can also be made through subsequent acts or legislation.
As the highest form of law in a parliamentary system, acts of Parliament hold significant legal weight, and compliance with them is crucial for maintaining order, upholding rights, and ensuring the smooth functioning of society.
