Achlorhydria (əˌklɔːrˈhaɪdriə) is a medical term that refers to the absence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The spelling of the word can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first syllable "a" is pronounced as "ə", which is a schwa sound. The "chlo" sounds like "klɔː", followed by "ry" pronounced as "raɪ", and "dria" as "driə". The pronunciation of this word may be difficult for non-medical professionals, but it helps to have a basic understanding of how the IPA works.
Achlorhydria is a medical condition characterized by the absence or extremely low levels of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid is a crucial component in the digestive process as it helps break down food, kill harmful bacteria, and activate enzymes. In individuals with achlorhydria, the stomach fails to produce adequate amounts of this acid, leading to impaired digestion.
Achlorhydria can be caused by several factors, including autoimmune conditions (such as pernicious anemia), certain medications, infections, or some chronic diseases. Symptoms of achlorhydria may include indigestion, bloating, nutritional deficiencies, unintentional weight loss, and an increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal infections.
Diagnosis of achlorhydria usually involves a series of tests, such as a gastric acid analysis or a Heidelberg pH capsule test, where the acid levels in the stomach are measured. Treatment of achlorhydria primarily focuses on addressing the underlying cause. Supplements, such as pancreatic enzymes and vitamin B12, may be prescribed to aid digestion and alleviate nutrient deficiencies. In some cases, medications that stimulate the production of stomach acid or synthetic hydrochloric acid replacement therapies may be utilized.
It is important to diagnose and treat achlorhydria promptly, as it can lead to complications such as bacterial overgrowth in the digestive system, malabsorption of nutrients, and an increased risk of certain gastrointestinal disorders. A healthcare professional should be consulted for appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and management of achlorhydria.
Absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "achlorhydria" is derived from two Greek roots: "a", meaning without or lack of, and "chloros", meaning green, and "hydor", meaning water. Altogether, "achlorhydria" means the absence or reduction in the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.