ACHENES Meaning and
Definition
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Achenes are small, dry, and single-seeded fruits that are typically indehiscent, meaning that they do not split open at maturity to release their seed. This term is commonly used in botany to describe a specific type of fruit structure found in diverse plant species. Achenes have a hard outer layer called the pericarp, which is fused with the seed coat. This distinctive structure distinguishes them from other similar fruits, such as berries or drupes.
The pericarp of an achene is usually thin and dry, becoming hardened and leathery as it matures. It may have different surface textures, ranging from smooth to rough or spiny, depending on the species. Achenes are often small in size, but their shape can vary from elongated or oval to round or flattened.
These fruits are typically dispersed by various means, including wind, water, or through attachment to animals' fur. Achenes are commonly seen in plants of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), such as dandelion and sunflower. They also occur in other plant families, including buttercups, strawberries, and roses.
In summary, achenes are small, dry, and one-seeded fruits with a hard outer layer that does not split open when mature. They typically have a thin and dry pericarp, and their dispersal can occur via different agents. This botanical term refers to a specialized fruit structure found in various plant species.
Common Misspellings for ACHENES
Etymology of ACHENES
The word "achenes" has its etymology rooted in Latin and Greek.
The term "achene" originated from the Latin word "achenium", which in turn derived from the Greek word "achenion". The Greek word "achenion" referred to a small, dry, one-seeded fruit.
The Greek word "achenion" was used to describe a type of plant called "Achyron", known today as "Borage" (Borago officinalis), which produced small, seed-like fruits. These fruits were later more broadly referred to as "achenes" in botanical terminology.
Over time, the term "achenes" expanded beyond the specific plant "Achyron" and became a general botanical term to describe dry, single-seeded fruits that do not open up to release their seeds spontaneously.
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