Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm (AIVR) is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by a consistent rapid ventricular rhythm that originates within the ventricles of the heart. It is a type of ventricular tachycardia but typically presents as a benign, self-limiting condition with a stable heart rate of 60 to 120 beats per minute.
In AIVR, the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart, generate electrical signals independently from the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is the normal pacemaker of the heart. These abnormal electrical impulses disrupt the regular heart rhythm and result in a faster ventricular rate.
The term "accelerated" in AIVR refers to the increased speed of the heart rate compared to the normal sinus rhythm. "Idioventricular" indicates that the rhythm originates from the ventricles themselves rather than being conducted down from the atria.
Clinically, AIVR is usually asymptomatic and may be detected incidentally during routine electrocardiogram (ECG) tests or while monitoring patients for other cardiac conditions. However, some individuals may experience palpitations, dizziness, or mild symptoms related to reduced blood flow to vital organs.
Since AIVR is typically a benign condition, it does not require specific treatment. However, underlying causes or precipitating factors, such as electrolyte imbalances or myocardial ischemia, should be addressed and managed accordingly. In rare cases of hemodynamic instability or persistent symptoms, medical intervention with antiarrhythmic medications or electrical cardioversion may be necessary. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is recommended to monitor the condition and ensure ongoing cardiac health.
