"Acanthoma adenoides cysticum" is a mouthful of a medical term! This complex word is pronounced: /əˌkænθəʊmə əˌdaɪnɔɪdz sɪsˈtɪkəm/. The spelling of this word is based on the etymology of the condition, which denotes abnormal growth of cells in the skin of hair follicles. Acanthoma comes from the Greek word ‘acantha’ meaning thorn or prickle, while adenoides means gland-like and cysticum refers to a cyst or sac. The word joins together the different Latin and Greek elements to make a descriptive and precise term for the condition.
Acanthoma adenoides cysticum, also known as a cutaneous papillary cystadenoma, is a rare benign skin tumor that typically arises on the face and neck. It is characterized by the formation of cysts and papillary projections within the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin. The term "acanthoma" refers to a benign epithelial tumor characterized by thickening of the prickle cell layer of the epidermis.
Clinically, this condition presents as multiple small, flesh-colored or yellowish papules or nodules that can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. These lesions often have a waxy or translucent appearance and may occasionally be mistaken for other skin growths or cysts. Acanthoma adenoides cysticum primarily affects adults, with a predilection for males.
Histopathologically, this condition is characterized by the presence of multiple dilated cystic spaces lined by double-layered cuboidal or columnar epithelial cells. These cystic spaces contain keratinous debris and are often associated with characteristic papillary projections. Microscopic examination will also reveal hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and elongated rete ridges within the epidermis.
Treatment for acanthoma adenoides cysticum is usually conservative, involving surgical excision to remove individual lesions. However, given the multiple lesions that may be present, surgical intervention can be challenging. Recurrence of lesions is common, necessitating long-term follow-up. While acanthoma adenoides cysticum is considered a benign tumor, its potential for multiple recurrences may cause significant cosmetic and functional concerns for affected individuals.
An eruption of papules and nodules, resembling spiradenoma, originating in the rete spinosum.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.