Abscessus capitis sanguineus neonatorum, also known as neonatal cephalic subgaleal hemorrhage or simply subgaleal hemorrhage, refers to a condition characterized by bleeding into the subgaleal space of the scalp in a newborn.
An abscessus, in medical terminology, refers to an accumulation of pus in a localized area, usually resulting from infection. Capitis refers to the head, and sanguineus pertains to blood. Therefore, abscessus capitis sanguineus specifically refers to a collection of pus in the head caused by bleeding.
In neonatorum, the term neonatal refers to a newborn baby, while sanguineus neonatorum refers to blood-related issues occurring in the neonatal period. Hence, abscessus capitis sanguineus neonatorum refers to a localized pus collection in the head of a newborn, caused by bleeding.
This condition typically arises due to trauma to the scalp during birth, particularly in cases of prolonged or difficult deliveries. The bleeding occurs beneath the scalp, in the subgaleal space, leading to a collection of blood and subsequent formation of an abscess. Symptoms of subgaleal hemorrhage may include swelling, bruising, high-pitched crying, pallor, anemia, and hypovolemic shock.
Immediate medical attention is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of abscessus capitis sanguineus neonatorum. Treatment may involve blood transfusion, fluid resuscitation, surgical drainage of the abscess, and close monitoring for potential complications such as infection or brain damage. Prompt intervention is essential to prevent further complications and ensure the well-being of the newborn.
